Hydraulic valve



. No. 749,136. PATBNT'BD JAN. 5, 1904.

0. E. LEWIS & I. DICK. HYDRAULIC VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.13. 1902.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES Patented January 5, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES E. LEWIS, OF BRADDOOK, AND JOHN DICK, OF EAST PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 749,136, dated. January 5, 1904.

Application led October 13. 1902. Serial No. 127.125. (No model.) l

To a/ZZ'wtoI/n/ t mary concern.-

Be it known that we, CHARLES E. LEwIs, residing at Braddock, and JOHN DICK, residing at East Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, citizens of the United States of America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Valves, of which the following is a specification, reference being had' therein ro to the accompanying drawings.

The invention consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter more specifically described and then particularly pointed out I5 inthe claims, and in describing the invention in detail reference will be had to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numerals o f reference will be employed forindicating like parts throughout the dierent views, in

2o which- Figure 1 is an end elevation of a four-way hydraulic valve constructed in accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal sectionalrview of a two-way valvecasing, the valves, together with the operating-levers, being removed. Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal sectional view of afour-Way valve constructed in accordance with ourin- 3o vention, showingone of the Valves in the closed position and the other valves removed. Fig. 5 is a detail side elevation, partially in section, of va part of one of the valve-Steins with the packing dissembled on the stem the better to illustrate the arrangementof same. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylinder, showing how connections are made therewith when employing our improved four-way valve as shown in Fig. 4.

4o In describing the invention in detail reference will be had first to the construction shown inFigs. 1, 2, and 4, showing embodiment of our invention in a four-way valve. 1 indicates the valve-body, which vis made of suitable shape, that shown by us in the present illustration being substantially rectangular, with a portion of one side extending beyond the remainder of the same side. The

shape, however, is immaterial; nor is the eX- 5o tension referred to material to the operation Vof the valve, but may be employed in connection v`with the four-way valve inorder that the levers of the various valves may be mounted so as not to interfere with each. other in operation. The valve-body is provided with a pressu re-inlet 2,in the present instanceshown as being in the top 'of the valvebody, and with which the pressure-line 3 connects. This pressure-inlet 2 communicates, v through port or passage-way 4, with the pres- 6o sure-outlet 5, leading to the machine or device (not shown) to be operated. In a fourway valve, as shown, the valve-body is provided with four valve-chambers 6, 7, 8, and

9, respectively. Of these valve-chambers the chambers 6 and 8 are pressure -inlet chambers, while the chambers 7 and 9 are exhaust-chambers coacting, respectively, with the chambers 8 and 6. The chamber 7 communicates with an outlet-port 10 and has an 7o inlet-port 11 connected by a by-pass l2 withv port 14 leading to chamber 8,the latter chamber having an inlet-port 15 connected by a. by-pass or port 16 with a pressure-line 3. This by-pass or port 16 may be piped or 75 tapped into or connected to the pressure-line 3 and extended around the side of the valvebody to connect with the inlet-port 15. The valve-chamber 9 has an exhaust-port 17, and a ley-pass or port 18 communicates with cham- 8o ber 9 and with the port or passage-way 4, near the pressure-outlet 5. AIn each of the Valve-chambers 6, 7, 8, and 9 is provided a valve-seat 19, which is in the form of a sleeve, the lower end of the same abutting against a shoulder20, formed therefor. This sleeve is simply driven into the chamber, and the upper end of the sleeve forms a seat for the respective valves 2l, 22, 23, and 24. When a valve-seat is to be reground, it is easily ac- 9o complished by simply removing the valve and inserting the tool through the valvechamber into engagement with the sleeve. Thus a new seat lmay be formed in an extremely short space of time, and as the sleeve is of considerable length it may be reseated a number of times before a new sleeve will be required. Each of -the valves comprises a stem the inner end of which forms a Valve proper. This stem is threaded into and ma works through an interiorlyl-threaded nut 25, which is threaded into a socket 26, provided therefor in the valve-body,or into a threaded collar 27, that is in turn threaded into the socket 26. The latter is the preferred construction, as in event of wearit is only necessary to remove the bushing or sleeve 27 without requiring a new nut 25. The nuts 25 are provided with wrench-receiving portions, as shown. In the four-way valve the threads on the stems of valves 2l 23 are of less pitch than the threads on valves 22 24, the respective nuts 25 being of course correspondingly threaded. This is done so that when the lever controlling valves 2l 22 is operated or lever controlling valves 23 24 is operated the valves 22 or 24, as the case may be, will move faster than valves 21 23. Thus, referring to Fig. l of the drawings, which illustrates a top plan, one set of the valves being closed and the other set open, it will be observedA that when the valves are closed the levers 35 38 lie in alinement with each other and when the valves are opened the lever 38 assumes a position at right angles to the valve-body; but the lever 35 assumes a position at an obtuse angle thereto, showing' that the same has been rotated a greater' number of degrees than the lever 3S, this movement being permitted by the slot 35 in the lever35. The lever 38, as before stated, controls the exhaust and the lever 35 the pressure or inlet, and when the pressure is opened the exhaust-valve stein having threads of a greater pitch will travel faster than the pressurevalve, whereby the exhaust will pass out faster than the pressure enters, and when the inlet or pressure valves are closed the exha ust-val ves will travel at the same rate With which they open and seat simultaneously with the pressure-valves. The object of the ex haust-valves traveling the faster is to open these ports and permit a greater area thereof to be exposed to the exhaust and by the pressurevalve stems traveling slower the pressure-inlet will be checked a greater extent than the exhaust. Each valve-stem of the respective valves carries a packing comprising a metallic cup 28, in which is placed a washer 29 and a washer 30, the preferred material of the former having been found to be leather, and for the latter We prefer the use of hemp. This cup 28 receives the metallic washer or gasket 31, and the other face of the cup is provided with circumferential grooves or a groove 32 and receives the washer 33, of leather or other ilexible material. The valves 21 22 and likewise the valves 23 24 are actuated simultaneously to open or close the same through the media of lever mechanism for each pair of valves, as Will now be described. Connected to the outer end of the stem of valve 21 and the valve 23 are levers 34 35, provided with a slot extending from a point near the outer end of the levers for some distance toward the inner end thereof and terminating in the side seat 36. Oonnected tothe outer end of t-he stems of valves 22 24 are operating-levers 37 38, respectively. Each of these levers carries a pin or stud 39, which engages in the slot 35' in the levers 34 35, respectively. The respective levers 34 35 37 38 are connected to the ends of the valvestems in any approved manner.

In Fig. 3 we show the application of our principle of hydraulic valve in a two-way valve, in which 1 indicates the valve-casing, 2 the pressure-inlet port, 3 the port leading to the cylinder, of the device (not shown) to be operated. The pressure-line (not shown) connects with the inlet 2', the latter communicating with the valve-chamber 4', which is connected to port 3 by port or passage-way 5. The exhaust-chamber 6' communicates with the exhaust-port 7' and also with port or passage 5 through by-pass 8. The valveseat- 19 is of the same form of construction as in the four-way valve, as are the sockets 26, to receive the nuts in which the valve-stems operate, these nuts being preferably mounted in threaded sleeves or thimbles in the same manner as heretofore described for the fourway valve. With the two-way valves we preferably operate with independent valvesthat is, each valve has its own lever for operating independently.

I n Fig. 8 we have shown the pressure-line connected up to a cylinder to illustrate the operation of the four-way valve, which is as follows: Valve 21 is opened, and pressure passes through port 4 and out through port 5 to the cylinder 5b through pipe 5, forcing the piston-head 5c toward the other end of the cylinder. Valve 22 has been simultaneously opened with opening of valve 21, and the cylinder exhausts through pipe 5' to port 14, thence through the by-pass 12, through valve-chamber 7 to the port 10, from whence it exhausts to the tank or atmosphere. Valves 21 and 22 are now closed and hold the piston-head in the position to which it has has been moved. When it is desired to return the piston -head, valve 23 is opened, which simultaneously opens the valve 24, and pressure enters port 15, down through the valve-chamber 8, and through port 14 and through pipe 5e, forcing the piston-head to the other end of the cylinder, the pressure exhausting through pipe 5, port 4, by-pass 18, chamber 9, and out through pipe 17 to the atmosphere or tank. When valves 21 22 are seated or closed, it will be observed that pressure entering through port 15 is prevented from exhausting through port 10 by reason of the valve 22 being down on its seat, and consequently closing the communication between chambers 7 and 8 through bypass 12. Likewise when the valves 21 22 are opened the exhaust to port 17 is closed by reason of valve 24 being seated. When valves 23 24 are opened, pressure cannot exhaust through port 2, since valve 21 is on its seat, causing the exhaust to be through port 18, valve-chamber 9 to port 17. We desire IOP to call particular attention to the fact that with this form of valve-body we may and do in practice for certain particular uses employ a Valve with a right-hand thread and a coacting valve with aleft-hand thread,where by one valve will be opened and the other closed through the media ofthe connected levers. This arrangement is advantageously used Where any object that is to be operated or controlled is moved vertically-as, for instance, a furnace-door or the like. With the actuating of the lever to open the pressurecontrolling valve the exhaust-valve would, by reason of its thread being the reverse, close againstits seat. As the door orother object was raised to the desired height the pressure is shut 0E and the exhaust thereby opened, permitting the object operated to descend by gravity.

Attention is directed to the ease With which the valve-seat may be reground and to'the fact that no eXpansible washers are employed ou the valve for forming the valve proper, and the life of the valve is thereby materially increased, as well as the repairing necessary considerably minimized.

Having fully described our invention,what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is Y 1. In a hydraulic valve, the combination with a valve-body havinginlet and outlet ports and an exhaust-port, a series of valve-chambers, a tubular valve-seat mounted in each of said valve-chambers, of a pair of valves controlling the inlet-port and exhaust-ports, and means connected to said valves for operating the same simultaneously, the valve controlling the exhaust-port operating at a greater rate of speed than the Valve controlling the inlet-port, substantially as described.

2. In a hydraulic valve, the combination with a valve-body having inlet and outlet ports and an exhaust-port, a series of valvechambers, a tubular valve-seat mounted in each of Ysaid valve-chambers, of a pair of valves controlling the inlet and exhaust ports, the valve controlling the inlet-port being threaded, and the'valve controlling the outletport being formed with threads of greater pitch than the th reads ofthe valve controlling the inlet-port, and means connected to the valves for operating the valve controlling the inlet-port and the valve controllingthe eX- haust-port simultaneously, substantially as described.

3.` In a hydraulic valve,the Acombination with a valve-body having inlet and outlet ports and an exhaust-port, a series of valvechambers, a tubular valve-seat mounted in each of said valve-chambers, bushings threaded in said chambers, nuts mounted in said bushings, of a pair of valves controlling the inlet-port and exhaust-port, the said valves threaded in said nuts with their ends adapted to engage the said valve-seats, and means connected to said valves for operating the same simultaneously, the valve controlling the eX- haust operating at a greater rate of speed than the valve controlling the inlet-port, substantially as described.

4. In a hydraulic valve, the combination with a valve-body having inlet and outlet ports and an exhaust-port, a series of Valvechambers and a tubular valve-seat mounted in each of said valve-chambers, of a pair of valves controlling inlet-port and exhaustport, levers connected to said valves for operating the same simultaneously, the valve controlling the inlet-port being threaded, and the valve controlling the exhaust-port threaded at a greater pitch to cause the former to move at a less rate of speed than the latter, and packing mounted on the stems of said valves, substantially as described. f

5. In a hydraulic valve, a valve-body having valve-chambers, a tubular valve-seat mounted in each of said chambers to be engaged by valves operating in the said chambers, the said valves controlling inlet and exhaust ports, the valves controlling the former ports having threads upon their stems and the valves controlling the latter ports having threaded stems, the threads being at a greater pitch than the threads of the firstnamed stems, thereby causing the former to move to a less rate of speed than the latter, and means for operating each set of valves simultaneously, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in the presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES E. LEwIsl JOHN DICK.

Witnesses:

A. M. WILSON, H. H. BUTLER. 

